LS D ii 3 (Leabhar Aifrinn Stowe agus a Chumhdach)

Lastliosta IIIF

TeidealLeabhar Aifrinn Stowe

BailiúchánAcadamh Ríoga na hÉireann

Suíomh FisiciúilBaile Átha Cliath, Éire

Marc SeilfARÉ LS D i i 3; 1238

TeangachaLaidin; Gaeilge; la; ga

Dáta cruthaithe700-799; 800-899

Uimhriú67 fóilió

ÁbharTráchtas Cráifeach; Prós; Filíocht

ÚinéireachtSeans gur scríobhadh Leabhar Aifrinn Stowe i dTamhlacht, Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath, toisc go ndéantar comóradh ar Naomh Máel Ruain, ab na prióireachta, san Aifreann. De réir an chumhdaigh, bhí an leabhar aifrinn i mainistir Naomh Ruadhain in Lorrha, Contae Thiobraid Árann, c. 1050, agus tugann roinnt den taighde is déanaí le fios go bhfuil seans maith gur scríobhadh ansin é. Tugadh Leabhar Aifrinn Stowe ar an lámhscríbhinn mar, sa 19ú haois, ba chuid de bhailiúchán lámhscríbhinní i leabharlann Diúc Buckingham i dTeach Stowe in Buckinghamshire, Sasana, í. Díoladh an lámhscríbhinn in 1849 le hIarla Ashburnham. In 1883 cheannaigh Rialtas na Breataine an lámhscríbhinn agus chuir siad i dtaisce í in Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann.

BunábharMeamram

MaisiúTúslitreacha Ornáideach; Míolchruthach; Antrapamorfach

CeangailCeangailte le boird darach; clúdaithe le Meamram gan dath; ar na trí imill seachtracha tá stiallanna de chraiceann gabhair de leithne 2cm daite le dearg.

ScríobhaitheSonid; Máel Caích

PátrúinBailiúchán Stowe agus Ashburnham

Toisí15 × 12 cm

Ar líne ó2001

NótaíTuilleadh léithoireachta faoin lámhscríbhinn seo ar fáil i leabharliosta ar líne ag: http://bill.celt.dias.ie

CeartaCóipcheart ag Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann; Iomhá Foinse ag Meamram Páipéar Ríomhaire, Scoil an Léinn Cheiltigh, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath.

CuntasLámhscríbhinn cumaisc Laidine ón 8ú nó 9ú haois is ea RIA LS D ii 3, Leabhar Aifrinn Stowe. Tá dhá lámhscríbhinn i gceist, agus ceanglaíodh le chéile iad, is cosúil, mar gheall go raibh na fóilió ar aon tomhais. Sa chéad lámhscríbhinn (11 fóilió), tá sleachta as Gospel Naomh Eoin. Sa phríomhleabhar aifrinn, an dara lámhscríbhinn (56 fóilió), tá Aifreann, Ord an Bhaisteadh, Ord Cuairte na n-Easlán, an Ola Dhéanach agus Comaoineach. Ag an deireadh (fóilió 65-7) tá Tráchtas Gaeilge ar an aifreann, trí gheis i gcoinne daille, gortú ar dhealga agus galair múin.

TagairtíCatalogue of Irish manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy (Dublin, 1943), Fasc. 27: 3431; J.H. Bernard, ‘On the Stowe St John’, Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, 30 (1893), 313-24; F.J. Byrne, ‘The Stowe Missal’ in Great books of Ireland (Thomas Davis Lectures), (Dublin, 1967), 38-50; Siobhán Fitzpatrick, ‘The Stowe Missal: its provenance and recent history’ in George Cunningham (ed.), The Roscrea Conference: commemorating forty conferences 1987-2007 at Mount St Joseph Abbey (Roscrea, 2007), 1-6; E. Gwynn, ‘The Stowe Missal’, Irish Church Quarterly, 9 (1916), 119-33; F. Henry, Irish art in the early Christian period to A.D. 800 (revised ed., London, 1965), 43, 161-2, 199-202, 205, plate 112; E.A. Löwe (ed.), Codices Latini antiquiores ..., (Oxford, 1972), 267-8; B. McCarthy, ‘On the Stowe Missal’, Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy 27 C (1885), 135-267; P. McGurk, Latin Gospel books from A.D. 400 to A.D. 800 (Paris, etc., 1961), no. 82, p. 78; G. Mac Niocaill, ‘Fragments d’un coutumier monastique irlandais du VIIIe-IXe siècle’, Scriptorium 15 (1961); Bernard Meehan, ‘Irish pocket Gospel books’ in C. Breay and B. Meehan (eds), The St Cuthbert Gospel: studies on the insular manuscripts of the Gospel of John (BL, Add. MS 8900), (London, 2015), 83-102; P. Ní Chatháin, ‘The liturgical background of the Derrynaflan altar service’, Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 110 (1980), 127-48; Thomas O’Loughlin, ‘The Stowe Missal: the eucharist as refreshment’ in O’Loughlin, Celtic theology: humanity, world and God in early Irish writings (London & New York, 2000), 128-46; Timothy O'Neill, The Irish hand (Cork, 2014), 18-19, 80-1; Timothy O’Neill, ‘Quills, inks and Vellums’ in Bernadette Cunningham and Siobhán Fitzpatrick (eds), Treasures of the Royal Irish Academy Library (Dublin, 2009), 45-9; T.F. O’Rahilly, ‘The history of the Stowe Missal’, Ériu, 10 (1926-8), 95-109; Pádraig Ó Riain, ‘The shrine of the Stowe Missal re-dated’, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 91 C 10 (1991), 285-95; Pádraig Ó Riain, ‘The Stowe Missal’ in Bernadette Cunningham and Siobhán Fitzpatrick (eds), Treasures of the Royal Irish Academy Library (Dublin, 2009), 10-15; John Ryan, ‘The Mass in the early Irish church’, Studies: an Irish Quarterly Review, 50 (1961), 371-84; Whitley Stokes, ‘The Irish passages in the Stowe Missal’, Zeitschrift für vergl. Sprachf., N.F. 6(5), 1882; J.H. Todd, ‘On the ancient Irish Missal and its silver box, etc.’ Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, 23 (1856), 3-37; G.F. Warner (ed.), The Stowe Missal (Facsimile and printed text), Henry Bradshaw Society, Vols 31-2 (London, 1906, 1915).

Íoslódáil Meiteashonraí

Fáiltímid roimh shonraí breise nó ceartúcháin ar bith a bhaineann le cur síos agus meiteashonraí na lámhscríbhinní. Déan teagmháil linn, le do thoil, le d’aiseolas.

Catalogue of Irish Manuscripts in Royal Irish Academy

1238

D ii 3

Liturgical

The Stowe Missal, D ii 3 (8-9 centt. (?), vellum, 5⅝ × 4½), contains, on ff. 65 v. – 67 v., material in Irish which may be noted briefly here. The ms. itself (for which see Kenney, Sources for the Early History of Ireland I, 692 seqq.), being a Latin ms., falls outside the scope of this catalogue. Scribes not known : for emendator Máel Caích, see infra.

fo.

65 v . Old Irish Tract on the Mass. Beg. Ind altoir fiugor ind ingrimme immaberr. Pr. Thes. Pal. ii, 252-255. Cf. 1230, 252.

67 v . Spells against injury to the eye, thorns, and disease of the urine. Pr. Thes. Pal. ii, 250.

In addition to these two items there occur, among the liturgical rubrics in the hand of the 9th cent. (?) emendator Máel Caích and others, some rubrics in Irish which are printed in full, Thes. Pal. ii, 251.

The Shrine of the Stowe Missal

The shrine consists of a rectangular box of oak covered with decorated metal plates. It is of two periods, both closely datable by inscriptions which occur on the two principal faces. The earlier consists of the lower face and the narrow sides, which may be dated between 1027 and 1033. The later, comprising the upper face and an inserted lobed setting on the lower face, dates to between 1371 and 1381.

Lower face

The lower face (now detached) is decorated with plates of copper alloy covered in silver. It has a broad border and is laid out in the form of a cross with openwork panels of geometric ornament between the arms. The cross was later partly cut away to accommodate a four-lobed mount of silver originally set with an oval stone, now missing. The inscription can nevertheless be reconstructed. It asks for a prayer for the abbot of Lorrha, Mathgamain Ua Cathail (+1037) and for Find Ua Dúngalaigh, king of Múscraige Tíre (+1033). It also mentions Donnchadh mac Briain, styled 'king of Ireland' and Mac Raith Ua Donnchada, king of the Eoganacht of Cashel (+1052) as well as the name of the maker, Donnchadh Ua Taccáin 'of the community of Cluain (Clonmacnoise)'.

Bottom side

The bottom side bears an openwork cast copper alloy medallion with a figure of an angel between quadrupeds. This is flanked by openwork panels of geometric ornament.

Dexter side

This side has a central plaque of copper alloy depicting a pair of ecclesiastics, one holding a bell, the other a short staff on either side of a seated figure playing a lyre above which is an angel. This is flanked by openwork panels of foliate and geometric ornament. On the left is the figure of a stag attacked by a pair of hounds; the tip of a spear pointed at the stag's neck.

Sinister side

At the centre is an openwork copper alloy plaque depicting a bearded warrior holding a short sword, flanked by pairs of dog-like animals. Openwork panels of foliate and geometric ornament are placed on either side. On the right is an openwork copper alloy with a figure of a warrior with shield and spear.

Top side

This bears an openwork cast copper alloy medallion with a figure of an angel between quadrupeds. To the left is an openwork panel of foliate ornament.

Upper face

The centre is occupied by a jewelled cross of gilt silver set with rock crystals, red and blue glass and an ivory bead. Plates of gilt silver between the cross arms depict (clockwise from top left) the Crucifixion; an ecclesiastic; a figure of a bishop and the Virgin and Child. The inscription invokes a prayer for Pilib Ó Ceinnéidigh, 'king of Ormond' and his wife Áine, both of whom died in 1381. It also refers to Giolla Ruadhán Ó Macáin, abbot of the Augustinian priory of Lorrha and the maker, Domhnall Ó Tolairi.

Dr. Raghnall Ó Floinn, National Museum of Ireland.